Role of Insect Pollination in Increasing Fruit Set and Seed Yield in Coriandrum sativum L. (Apiaceae)

Asian Resonance (P: ISSN No. 0976-8602 RNI No. UPENG/2012/42622 VOL.-9, ISSUE-2, April 2020 E: ISSN No. 2349-9443 )

Abstract




 A. S. Dahat 

Assistant Professor, Dept. of Botany, Art, Commerce & Science College, Arvi Dist.Wardha.(M.S.) India

The investigations were carried out on the flowering phenology and floral biology, flower dynamics, pollen production, pollen viability, pollen: ovule ratio, stigma receptivity, nectar production, flower visitors dynamics, censuses and activity, flower visitors behaviour, pollen load carried out by foragers and role of insect pollination in increasing fruit set and seed yield in Coriandrum sativum L. (Apiaceae) The plants cultivated around Arvi Tahasil, Dist. Wardha (M.S.) were selected for studies. In Coriandrum sativum .Flowering starts from third week of November and full bloom was in last week of November to second week of December and it ends towards third week of December. Flower in terminal elongation racemes with white or pink pedicles 1-15 cm long with purple veins. Sepals upto 1 cm long. Petals upto 2 cm long white or pink white purple veins.. .Flower o flower opening takes place during 07.30 hrs to 08.30 hrs. Anther dehiscence takes place during 09.30 to 10.30 hrs. Pollen production per flower was found to be 1502  181.89, 2120.56  288.57 and 1510.47  786.78 per flower during the flowering period of the years 2004 – 2005, 2005 – 2006, 2006 – 2007 In-vivo pollen germination was found to be 13.14%, 25.49%, and 31.11%on the day of flower opening, second day and third day respectively. In-vitro pollen germination was found to be 72.41%, 84.84%, 75.90%, 84.48% and 71.56% in 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50%sucrose solution respectively, during the year 2005-06. Percentage of viability by 1% acetocarmine was found to be 82.84% during 2004 – 2005. Pollen viability percentage by triphinyl tetrazoliumchloride method was found to be 81.98% and 82.62% during the flowering season 2005 – 2006 and 2006 – 2007 respectively. The Pollen: ovule ratio found to be 151.41, 1060.28 and 755.37 during the successive years of observation. The stigma becomes receptive before anther dehiscence during 08.30 hrs. to 09.00 hrs. Nectar production was observed on the day of flower opening. Nectar quantity was measured during 09.00 hrs to 11.00 hrs, 13.00 hrs to 15.00 hrs and 16.00 hrs to 18.00 hrs. The quantity of nectar was found to be 1.56  0.03 µl, 4.08  0.27 µl and 0.36  0.14 µl respectively. The dominant visitors were small bee Trigona, A. florea ,A. dorsata and A. cerena indica . A. dorsata, A. florea and Trigona spp. carried pollen load 28779, 37521 and 11969 pollen respectively. Experimental pollination showed increase fruit set and seed Yield during open and bee pollination against the self-pollination. Yield was higher during bee pollination than self and open pollination.

for full paper please visit below link :

http://www.socialresearchfoundation.com/upoadreserchpapers/1/350/2005051234571st%20a.s.%20dahat.pdf

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